Computer Science & Informatics Practices : XI , XII

new operator Syntax: pointer variable = new data_type; Example: char *cptr; cptr = new char; char *captr; captr = new char[10]; delete operator Syntax: delete pointer variable ; Example: delete cptr; delete [] captr; C++ has the concept of constant pointer and pointer to a constant. For example: char * const cptr1="Computer Science"; //constant pointer Here the address of cptr1 cannot be modified. int const *iptr=&x; // pointer to a constant const char * const cptr2="KV"; // pointer to a constant Here the constant value, to which the pointer pointing to, can not be modified. A NULL pointer is a pointer which indicates that it is not pointing to any valid memory address. For example: int *iptr=NULL; Pointer Arithmetic: Only addition and subtraction may be performed on pointers. All the pointers increases and decreases by the length of the data type they point to. Adding 1 to a pointer adds the size of ...

Pointers <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< Syllabus: Declaration and Initialization of Pointers; Dynamic memory allocation/deallocation operators: new, delete; Pointers and Arrays: Array of Pointers, Pointer to an array (1 dimensional array), Function returning a pointer, Reference variables and use of alias; Function call by reference. Pointer to structures:Deference operator: *, ->; self referencial structures; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>...

Data File Handling Using stream I/O classes : So far we have performed input or output of information in our programs by using  cin and cout . These are used to handle console based I/O  ( cin-- console based input stream object   ,  cout - console based outp ut stream object )   cin allowed us to read data from an input stream that connects the keyboard to our programs. In a similar manner, cout allowed us to write information to an output stream that connects our program to the monitor screen. C++ implements these file input and output streams using the subclasses ifstream and ofstream , respectively, where the subclass ifstream is derived from the istream class and the subclass ofstream is derived from the ostream class. The ifstream and ofstream classes inherit all the stream operations of the istream and ostream classes , but they also have their own member functions such as open() and close() and control their relationship to ...

XII - IP -  NOTE BOOK -GUIDELINES Refer UNIT 1- NETWORKING AND OPEN STANDARDS chapter from Sumita Arora XII IP book and  www.kvselearning.in   CBSE Study material and prepare a consized /summarised/short note on the following : 1. Computer Networking   2. Open Source Concepts

HOME ASSIGNMENT (For XII INFORMATICS PRACTICES 2012-13) Q1. Write SQL commands for the queries given below   Table: LIBRARY No. Title Author Subject Publisher Quantity Price 1 Data Structure Lipschute DS McGraw 4 217.00 2 DOS Guide NORTRON OS PHI 3 175.00 3 Turbo C++ Robort Lafore Prog Galgotia 5 270.00 4 Dbase Dummies Palmer DBMS PustakM 7 130.00 5 Mastering Windows Cowart OS BPB 1 225.00 6 Computer Studies French FND Galgotia 2 75.00 7 COBOL Stern Prog John W 4 1000.00 8 ...