SOLUTION-XIIC- INFORMATICS PRACTICES-2ND MONTHLY -AUGUST 2013

KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA NO. 1 , NAUSENABAUGH, VISAKHAPATNAM

Monthly Test (August-2013)  Subject : Informatics Practices

Class :  XII      Section : C      Duration: 90 Min.           Max Marks :50

Attempt all questions.

(Q1) What do you mean by the term open source software?                                    (1 Mark)

(Ans)  Open source software is the software which can be used, studied, modified and redistributed and whose source code is available. It may or may not be chargeable.

(Q2)What do you mean by free software?                                                                     (1 Mark)

(Ans) Free software is the software without a charge ,which can be used, studied, modified and redistributed as well but whose source code is not available.

(Q3)  Define lossy format.                                                                                                  (1 Mark)

(Ans)Lossy formats compress data in a way that reduces data storage as well as quality.

(Q4)What is MySQL software used for?                                                                          (1 Mark)

(Ans) MySQL is an open source, multithreaded, multiuser,SQL relational database server.

(Q5)Name the most common types of copper cablings.                                              (1 Mark)

(Ans)  Coaxial Cable and Twisted Pair.

(Q6) Write the other name for Network Interface Unit.                                              (1 Mark)

(Ans)  MAC

(Q7) Name the two types of servers.                                                                               (1 Mark)

The two types of servers are non-dedicated servers and dedicated servers.

(Q8) What is MAC address.Give one example.                                                              (1 Mark)

(Ans)  MAC address refers to the physical address assigned by NIC manufacturer.

                                                                          

(Q9) Why do we use repeater?                                                                                          (1 Mark)

(Ans) 
A repeater is used to regenerate data and voice signals.

(Q10)  Name the communication channels used in wireless transmission.             (1 Mark)

(Ans)  Coaxial Cable and Twisted Pair.

(Q11) A school with 20 stand-alone PCs is considering networking them together and adding a file server.Consider four possible benefits of doing it.                                (2Marks)  

Ans:

Resource Sharing

Cost saving

Collaborative user interaction

Time saving

Increased storage                                                 

(Q12). What do you mean by the term Ogg Vorbis?                                                      (2 Marks)

(Ans) Ogg Vorbis is an audio compression format which is completely open, patent free, professional audio encoding and streaming technology with all the benefits of Open Source.

(Q13) Write difference between LAN and WAN?                                                            (2 Marks)

S. No.	LAN	WAN
1	It’s span is not more than a few kilometres	It may span entire country or world.
2	A total data rate of several mbps.	Data rate less than 1 mbps.
3	Complete ownership by a single organization.	Owned by multiple organization.
4	Very low error rates.	Comparatively higher error rates.

                                                                                                                             [1 marks]

(Q14)Expand the following terms :   (i) NRCFOSS (ii)  ISCII (iii) ODF (iv) GNU           (6 Marks)

(v) BOSS  (vi) ISCII                    

Ans:  (i) NRCFOSS - NRCFOSS - National Resource Centre for Free and Open Source Software.

 (ii)  ISCII- Indian Script Code for Information Interchange

(iii) ODF - Open Document Format)

(iv) GNU-GNU is not Unix 

(v) BOSS - Bharat Operating Systems Solutions)

 (vi) FTP  - File Transfer-Protocol                                                                                  

(Q15)Tara Sharma wants to upload and download files from/to a remote intenet server, write the name of the relevant communication protocol, which will let her do the same.

            Ans: FTP                                                                                                                         (2 Marks)           

(Q16) Two doctors in the same room have connected their Palm Tops using Bluetooth for

working on a Group presentation. Out of the following, what kind of Network they have

formed?                                                                                                                                    (2 Marks)

LAN, MAN, PAN, WAN

Ans: PAN

(Q17) Arrange the following communication channels in ascending order of their datatransmission rates.                                                                                                        (2 Marks)

Ethernet Cable, Optical Fiber, Telephone Cable, Co-axial Cable

Ans: Communication channels in ascending order of their data transmission rates :                                                                                                        Telephone Cable, Ethernet Cable, Co-axial Cable, Optical Fiber

(Q18) Which of the following is not a characteristic of Open Source Software?     (2 Marks)

• Its source code is available for modification

• It is owned by a company or an individual

• It can be downloaded from internet

Ans : It is owned by a company or an individual

(Q19) Mr. Khanna is confused between the terms Domain Name and URL. Explain the

difference with the help of appropriate examples of each.                                     (2 Marks)

 A URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is the complete address of a document on the web,

whereas a domain name specifies the location of document's web server. A domain

name is a component of the URL used to access web sites.

For example the web address

http://www.example.net/index.html

is a URL.

In this URL www.example.net is the domain name.

(Q20) Define any two threats to Network Security.                                                  (2 Marks)

Denial of Service: It refers to any threat that prevents the legitimate users from accessing

the network resources or processing capabilities.

Snooping: It refers to any threat that results in an unauthorized user obtaining information

about a network or the traffic over that network.

(Q21) Differentiate between Star and Bus Topology of networks.                         (2 Marks)

Bus Topology-  

Advantages- 1. Short cable length and simple wiring layout.       2. Easy to extend.

Disadvantages- 1. Fault diagnosis is difficult           2. Nodes must be intelligent.

Star Topology-

Advantages- 1.Centralized control/ problem diagnosis.                2. Simple access protocol.

Disadvantages- 1. Long Cable length.              2. Central node dependency.                                   

 (Q22.) What are the types of Indian Language Text Typing? Explain.                   (4 Marks)

(Ans) 

The two types of Indian Language Text Typing are:

• Phonetics Text Entry
• Keymap Based Text Entry

Phonetics Text Entry:- Phonetics Text Entry is also known as transliteration.
• Traditional keyboards with English keys are used
• Indian alphabets are written the way they sound
• Combination of texts represents one Indian language character. e.g., gmail, orkut etc.

Keymap Based Text Entry:
• Refers to mapping of keyboard’s keys to character
• Entire arrangement of keymappings of all the characters on a keyboard is known as keymap. e.g., if we press a key horizontally adjacent to CapsLock on the keyboard, the letter “a” gets typed

(Q23)  Define the term Network Topology. Describe any three topologies.        (6 Marks)

(Ans)  

A Network Topology describes the layout of the wire and devices as well as paths used by data transmissions.
The two topologies are:
1.Star Topology
All computers/devices connect to a central device called hub or switch.
Each device requires a single cable point-to-point connection between the deviceand hub.
Most widely implemented.
Hub is the single point of failure.

2.Bus or Linear Topology
All devices attach to same transmission medium.
Medium has a physical beginning and end.
Bus considered a multipoint system as all devices tap into same backbone cable.

Tree Topology:

Tree topology is a combination of bus and star topologies. It is used to

combine multiple star topology networks. All the stars are connected together like a bus.

This bus-star hybrid approach supports future expandability of the network

Characteristics of Tree topology:

It offers easy way of network expansion

Even if one network (star) fails, the other networks remain connected and

working.

(Q24) Define UNICODE . What are its advantages?                                                   (4 Marks)

Unicode was developed with the aim to conceive a single standard code which could

manage to represent all languages of the world.

Unicode characters are represented in one of the three encoding forms: a 32-bit form

(UTF-32), a 16-bit form (UTF-16), and an 8 bit form (UTF-8). The 8-bit, byte oriented

form, UTF-8, has been designed for ease of use with existing ASCII-based systems.

Advantages of Unicode

With the usage of Unicode, single versions of software were developed instead

of language-specific versions that reduced the complexity.

UNICODE is supported by most OS and application vendors. This ensures

platform, vendor and application independence.

Incorporating Unicode into applications and websites offers significant cost

savings than proprietary solutions.

It allows data to be transported through several different systems without

distortion.

Since every number and character combination is unique, the representation

results in a true standard.

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